Constitution of Nepal
नेपाली
35 Parts Directory

Parts of the Constitution of Nepal

The Constitution of Nepal (2015) is systematically divided into the following 35 Parts. Each part outlines specific constitutional principles, institutions, and rights, containing dedicated articles as listed below:

Total 35 Parts • 308 Articles • 9 Schedules
Part 1

Part 1 – Preliminary

Articles 1 to 9 (9 Articles)

Overview: Supremacy of the Constitution, definition of Nepal as a secular federal democratic republic, sovereignty, national interests, official language, flag, anthem and coat of arms.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 1 Article 1 – Constitution as the fundamental law Art. 2 Article 2 – Sovereignty and state authority Art. 3 Article 3 – Nation Art. 4 Article 4 – State of Nepal Art. 5 Article 5 – National interest Art. 6 Article 6 – Language of the nation Art. 7 Article 7 – Language of official transaction Art. 8 Article 8 – National flag Art. 9 Article 9 – National anthem, etc.
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Part 2

Part 2 – Citizenship

Articles 10 to 15 (6 Articles)

Overview: Provisions for citizenship by descent, birth, naturalization through marriage, Non-Resident Nepali (NRN) citizenship, and citizenship with gender identity.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 10 Article 10 – Not to be denied of citizenship Art. 11 Article 11 – To be deemed citizen of Nepal Art. 12 Article 12 – Citizenship based on descent and gender identity Art. 13 Article 13 – Acquisition, re-acquisition and termination of citizenship Art. 14 Article 14 – Non-resident Nepali citizenship may be granted Art. 15 Article 15 – Other provisions related to citizenship of Nepal
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Part 3

Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Articles 16 to 48 (33 Articles)

Overview: Thirty-one fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens (right to live with dignity, freedom, equality, education, health, rights of women, Dalits, children) and fundamental duties.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 16 Article 16 – Right to live with dignity Art. 17 Article 17 – Right to Freedom Art. 18 Article 18 – Right to equality Art. 19 Article 19 – Right to communication Art. 20 Article 20 – Right to Justice Art. 21 Article 21 – Right of victim of crime Art. 22 Article 22 – Right against torture Art. 23 Article 23 – Right against preventive detention Art. 24 Article 24 – Right against untouchability and discrimination Art. 25 Article 25 – Right to property Art. 26 Article 26 – Right to religious freedom Art. 27 Article 27 – Right to information Art. 28 Article 28 – Right to privacy Art. 29 Article 29 – Right against exploitation Art. 30 Article 30 – Right regarding clean environment Art. 31 Article 31 – Right to education Art. 32 Article 32 – Right to language and culture Art. 33 Article 33 – Right to employment Art. 34 Article 34 – Right regarding labor Art. 35 Article 35 – Right to health care Art. 36 Article 36 – Right to food Art. 37 Article 37 – Right to housing Art. 38 Article 38 – Right of women Art. 39 Article 39 – Right of children Art. 40 Article 40 – Right of Dalits Art. 41 Article 41 – Right of senior citizens Art. 42 Article 42 – Right to social justice Art. 43 Article 43 – Right to social security Art. 44 Article 44 – Right of consumers Art. 45 Article 45 – Right against exile Art. 46 Article 46 – Right to constitutional remedy Art. 47 Article 47 – Implementation of fundamental rights Art. 48 Article 48 – Duties of citizens
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Part 4

Part 4 – Directive Principles, Policies and Responsibilities of the State

Articles 49 to 55 (7 Articles)

Overview: Directive principles, political, economic and social objectives of the State, and public policies and obligations guiding state governance.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 49 Article 49 – To be the Guiding Principles Art. 50 Article 50 – Directive Principles Art. 51 Article 51 – State policies Art. 52 Article 52 – Obligation of the STate Art. 53 Article 53 – Submitting report Art. 54 Article 54 – Provision regarding monitoring Art. 55 Article 55 – Questions not to be raised in court
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Part 5

Part 5 – Restructuring of the State and the distribution of State power

Articles 56 to 60 (5 Articles)

Overview: Three-tier state structure comprising Federation, Provinces and Local Level, distribution of state powers, and residual powers.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 56 Article 56 – Structure of the State Art. 57 Article 57 – Distribution of State power Art. 58 Article 58 – Residual powers Art. 59 Article 59 – Use of fiscal power Art. 60 Article 60 – Distribution of sources of revenue
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Part 6

Part 6 – President and vice-President

Articles 61 to 73 (13 Articles)

Overview: Qualifications, election procedure, term of office, duties, powers and impeachment procedures for the President and Vice-President.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 61 Article 61 – President Art. 62 Article 62 – Election of the President Art. 63 Article 63 – Term of Office of President Art. 64 Article 64 – Qualifications of the President Art. 65 Article 65 – The circumstances in which the President ceases to hold office Art. 66 Article 66 – Functions, duties and powers of the President Art. 67 Article 67 – Vice-President Art. 68 Article 68 – The circumstances in which the Vice-President ceases to hold office Art. 69 Article 69 – Other provisions regarding the Vice-President Art. 70 Article 70 – President and Vice-President to belong to different gender or community Art. 71 Article 71 – Oath of office of the President and Vice-President Art. 72 Article 72 – Remuneration and other benefits to the President and Vice-President Art. 73 Article 73 – Office of the President and the Vice-President
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Part 7

Part 7 – Federal Executive

Articles 74 to 82 (9 Articles)

Overview: Executive governance of Nepal, formation of the Federal Council of Ministers, appointment of Prime Minister and Ministers, and collective responsibility to Parliament.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 74 Article 74 – Form of governance Art. 75 Article 75 – Executive Power Art. 76 Article 76 – Formation of the Council of Ministers Art. 77 Article 77 – Circumstances under which the Prime Minister and minister ceases to hold office Art. 78 Article 78 – A person to be a minister who is not a member of the Federal Parliament Art. 79 Article 79 – The remuneration and other benefits to the Prime Minister, deputy Prime Minister, minister, state minister and assistant minister Art. 80 Article 80 – Oath of office Art. 81 Article 81 – The President to be informed Art. 82 Article 82 – The working procedure of the government of Nepal
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Part 8

Part 8 – Federal Parliament

Articles 83 to 108 (26 Articles)

Overview: Bicameral Federal Parliament consisting of the House of Representatives (275 members) and National Assembly (59 members), their composition and tenure.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 83 Article 83 – Federal Parliament Art. 84 Article 84 – Constitution of House of Representatives Art. 85 Article 85 – Term of House of Representatives Art. 86 Article 86 – Constitution of National Assembly and terms of members Art. 87 Article 87 – Qualifications for Members Art. 88 Article 88 – Oath Art. 89 Article 89 – Vacation of seat Art. 90 Article 90 – Decision as to Disqualification of Members Art. 91 Article 91 – Speaker and Deputy-Speaker of the House of Representatives Art. 92 Article 92 – Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of National Assembly Art. 93 Article 93 – Summoning and Prorogation of Sessions Art. 94 Article 94 – Quorum Art. 95 Article 95 – Address by President Art. 96 Article 96 – Deputy Prime-minister, State Minister and Assistant Minister Entitled to Take Part in Both Houses Art. 97 Article 97 – Formation of Committees Art. 98 Article 98 – Transaction of Business in case of vacancy of Members Art. 99 Article 99 – Voting Art. 100 Article 100 – Provision related to Vote of Confidence and Motion of no-confidence Art. 101 Article 101 – Impeachment Art. 102 Article 102 – Penalty for Unauthorized Presence or Voting Art. 103 Article 103 – Privileges Art. 104 Article 104 – Procedures relating to the Conduct of Business Art. 105 Article 105 – Restriction on discussion Art. 106 Article 106 – Secretary General and Secretary of Federal Parliament Art. 107 Article 107 – Secretariat of Federal Parliament Art. 108 Article 108 – Remuneration
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Part 9

Part 9 – Federal Legislative Procedure

Articles 109 to 114 (6 Articles)

Overview: Legislative procedures for introducing bills in Parliament, discussions, passage through both Houses, and presidential certification.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 109 Article 109 – Legislative power of Federal Parliament Art. 110 Article 110 – The procedure of introducing a Bill Art. 111 Article 111 – Procedure for passing Bills Art. 112 Article 112 – Withdrawal of Bill Art. 113 Article 113 – Certification of the Bills Art. 114 Article 114 – Ordinance
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Part 10

Part 10 – Federal Financial Procedures

Articles 115 to 125 (11 Articles)

Overview: Federal Consolidated Fund, annual budget presentation, Appropriation Acts, supplementary budget estimates, and Contingency Fund management.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 115 Article 115 – Not tax to be levied or loan to be raised Art. 116 Article 116 – Federal Consolidated Fund Art. 117 Article 117 – Expenditure from Federal Consolidated Fund or Federal Government Fund Art. 118 Article 118 – Expenditure chargeable on the Federal Consolidated Fund Art. 119 Article 119 – Estimates of Revenues and Expenditure Art. 120 Article 120 – Appropriation Act Art. 121 Article 121 – Supplementary estimates Art. 122 Article 122 – Votes on Account Art. 123 Article 123 – Votes of credit Art. 124 Article 124 – Federal Contingency Fund Art. 125 Article 125 – Act relating to financial Procedures
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Part 11

Part 11 – Judiciary

Articles 126 to 156 (31 Articles)

Overview: Judicial system comprising Supreme Court, High Courts, District Courts, Constitutional Bench, appointment of Chief Justice and Judges.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 126 Article 126 – Courts to exercise powers related to justice Art. 127 Article 127 – Courts Art. 128 Article 128 – Supreme Court Art. 129 Article 129 – Appointment and qualifications of Chief Justice and Justices of the Supreme Court Art. 130 Article 130 – Conditions of service and benefits of the Chief Justice and Justices Art. 131 Article 131 – Vacation of Office of Chief Justice or Justices of the Supreme Court Art. 132 Article 132 – Chief Justice and Justices not to be engaged in any other assignment Art. 133 Article 133 – Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court Art. 134 Article 134 – Transfer of cases Art. 135 Article 135 – Not to be part of pleading of court cases Art. 136 Article 136 – Responsibility of the Chief Justice Art. 137 Article 137 – Formation of the Constitutional Bench Art. 138 Article 138 – Annual report Art. 139 Article 139 – High Court Art. 140 Article 140 – The appointment and qualifications of the Chief Judge and Judges of the High Court Art. 141 Article 141 – Conditions of service and benefits of Chief Judge and Judges Art. 142 Article 142 – Vacancy of office of the Chief Judge or Judge Art. 143 Article 143 – Chief Judge and Judge not be engaged in any other assignment and transfer related provision Art. 144 Article 144 – Jurisdiction of the High Court Art. 145 Article 145 – Transfer of cases Art. 146 Article 146 – Allowed to plead Art. 147 Article 147 – Responsibility of the Chief Judge Art. 148 Article 148 – District Court Art. 149 Article 149 – Appointment, qualifications and remuneration and other terms of service of the Judges of District Courts Art. 150 Article 150 – Judges of the District Court not to be engaged in any other assignment and provisions related to transfer Art. 151 Article 151 – Jurisdiction of the District Court Art. 152 Article 152 – Specialized court Art. 153 Article 153 – Judicial Council Art. 154 Article 154 – Judicial Service Commission Art. 155 Article 155 – Provisions related to conditions of service and benefits Art. 156 Article 156 – Provisions related to provincial level Judicial Service Commission
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Part 12

Part 12 – Attorney General

Articles 157 to 161 (5 Articles)

Overview: Appointment, functions, duties and powers of the Attorney General as the chief legal adviser to the Government of Nepal.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 157 Article 157 – Attorney General Art. 158 Article 158 – Functions, Duties and Powers of Attorney General Art. 159 Article 159 – Annual Report Art. 160 Article 160 – Chief Attorney Art. 161 Article 161 – Provisions Concerning Terms and Conditions of Service and Benefits
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Part 13

Part 13 – Provincial Executive

Articles 162 to 174 (13 Articles)

Overview: Executive governance in all seven provinces, appointment of Province Chief (Governor), Chief Minister, and Provincial Council of Ministers.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 162 Article 162 – Provincial executive power Art. 163 Article 163 – Provisions related to the Provincial Head Art. 164 Article 164 – Qualifications of Provincial Head Art. 165 Article 165 – Vacation of the post of Provincial Head Art. 166 Article 166 – Functions, duties and powers of Provincial Head Art. 167 Article 167 – Oath of Provincial Head Art. 168 Article 168 – Constitution of the Provincial Council of Ministers Art. 169 Article 169 – Vacancy of office of Chief Minister and Ministers Art. 170 Article 170 – Appointment of non-member of Provincial Assembly as Minister, State Minister or Assistant Minister Art. 171 Article 171 – Remuneration and other benefits of Chief Minister, Minister, State Minister and Assistant Minister Art. 172 Article 172 – Oath Art. 173 Article 173 – Provincial Head to be informed Art. 174 Article 174 – Conduct of business of the Provincial government
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Part 14

Part 14 – Provincial Legislature

Articles 175 to 196 (22 Articles)

Overview: Unicameral Provincial Assemblies in each province, their composition through direct and proportional representation, qualifications and terms.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 175 Article 175 – Provincial Legislature Art. 176 Article 176 – Formation of the Provincial Assembly Art. 177 Article 177 – Term of Provincial Assembly Art. 178 Article 178 – Qualification of members of Provincial Assembly Art. 179 Article 179 – Oath of member of Provincial Assembly Art. 180 Article 180 – Vacation of seat of Provincial Assembly member Art. 181 Article 181 – Decision about disqualification of members of Provincial Assembly Art. 182 Article 182 – Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Provincial Assembly Art. 183 Article 183 – Summoning and prorogation of sessions of Provincial Assembly Art. 184 Article 184 – Address by the Provincial Head Art. 185 Article 185 – Quorum of Provincial Assembly Art. 186 Article 186 – Voting in Provincial Assembly Art. 187 Article 187 – Privileges of Provincial Assembly Art. 188 Article 188 – Provisions related to Vote of Confidence and no-confidence motion Art. 189 Article 189 – Minister, State Minister and Assistant Minister to attend the meeting of Provincial Assembly Art. 190 Article 190 – Unauthorized presence or voting in Provincial Assembly to be penalized Art. 191 Article 191 – Restriction on discussion Art. 192 Article 192 – Transaction of business in case of vacancy in membership Art. 193 Article 193 – Provincial Assembly to form committees Art. 194 Article 194 – Procedure relating to the conduct of business of the Provincial Assembly Art. 195 Article 195 – Secretary and Secretariat of the Provincial Assembly Art. 196 Article 196 – Remuneration
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Part 15

Part 15 – Provincial Legislative Procedure

Articles 197 to 202 (6 Articles)

Overview: Procedures for introducing provincial bills, committee scrutiny, passage by Provincial Assembly, and assent by Province Chief.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 197 Article 197 – Legislative power of Provincial Legislature Art. 198 Article 198 – Procedure to introduce bills in the Provincial Assembly Art. 199 Article 199 – Procedure for Passing Bills Art. 200 Article 200 – Withdrawal of the Bill Art. 201 Article 201 – Certification of the Bill Art. 202 Article 202 – Ordinance
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Part 16

Part 16 – Financial Procedures of Province

Articles 203 to 213 (11 Articles)

Overview: Provincial Consolidated Fund, annual provincial budget presentation, appropriation acts, and provincial financial procedures.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 203 Article 203 – No tax to be levied or loan to be raised Art. 204 Article 204 – Consolidated Fund of the Province Art. 205 Article 205 – Expenditures from the Provincial Consolidated Fund or a Provincial Government Fund Art. 206 Article 206 – Expenditure chargeable on the Provincial Consolidated Fund Art. 207 Article 207 – Estimates of revenues and expenditure Art. 208 Article 208 – Province Appropriation Act Art. 209 Article 209 – Supplementary estimates Art. 210 Article 210 – Votes on account Art. 211 Article 211 – Votes of credit Art. 212 Article 212 – Provincial Contingency Fund Art. 213 Article 213 – Act relating to financial procedures
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Part 17

Part 17 – Local Executive

Articles 214 to 220 (7 Articles)

Overview: Composition, functions, and executive powers of Rural Municipality and Municipality Executive bodies across local governments.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 214 Article 214 – Executive power of local Art. 215 Article 215 – Provisions related to Head and Deputy Head of Village Executive Art. 216 Article 216 – Provisions related to Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Municipality Art. 217 Article 217 – Judicial Committee Art. 218 Article 218 – Conduct of business of Village Executive and Municipal Executive Art. 219 Article 219 – Other provisions related to local level executive Art. 220 Article 220 – District Assembly and District Co-ordination Committee
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Part 18

Part 18 – Local Legislature

Articles 221 to 227 (7 Articles)

Overview: Composition, meetings, and legislative law-making powers of Rural Village Assemblies and Municipal Assemblies.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 221 Article 221 – Legislative Power of Local Level Art. 222 Article 222 – Formation of Village Assembly Art. 223 Article 223 – Constitution of Municipal Assembly Art. 224 Article 224 – Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of Village Assembly and Municipal Assembly Art. 225 Article 225 – Term of office of Village Assembly and Municipal Assembly Art. 226 Article 226 – To form laws Art. 227 Article 227 – Other provisions related to Village Assembly and Municipal Assembly
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Part 20

Part 20 – Interrelationship between the Federation, Provinces and Local levels

Articles 231 to 237 (7 Articles)

Overview: Principles of mutual cooperation, coexistence and coordination among Federation, Provinces and Local levels, and Inter-Provincial Council.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 231 Article 231 – Legislative interrelationship between Federation and Province Art. 232 Article 232 – Relations between the Federation, Provinces and local level Art. 233 Article 233 – Relations among the Provinces Art. 234 Article 234 – Inter-Provincial Council Art. 235 Article 235 – Coordination among the Federation, Provinces and local Levels Art. 236 Article 236 – Interprovincial Trade Art. 237 Article 237 – Jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court not to be affected
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Part 27

Part 27 – Other Commissions

Articles 252 to 265 (14 Articles)

Overview: Seven independent inclusion commissions: National Women, Dalit, Inclusion, Indigenous Nationalities, Madhesi, Tharu, and Muslim Commissions.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 252 Article 252 – National Women Commission Art. 253 Article 253 – Functions, duties and powers of the National Women Commission Art. 254 Article 254 – Offices may be established in province Art. 255 Article 255 – National Dalit Commission Art. 256 Article 256 – Functions, duties and powers of National Dalit Commission Art. 257 Article 257 – Offices may be established in province Art. 258 Article 258 – National Inclusion Commission Art. 259 Article 259 – Functions, duties and powers of National Inclusion Commission Art. 260 Article 260 – Offices may be established in province Art. 261 Article 261 – Adibasi Janajati Commission Art. 262 Article 262 – Madheshi Commission Art. 263 Article 263 – Tharu Commission Art. 264 Article 264 – Muslim Commission Art. 265 Article 265 – Review of the Commissions
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Part 28

Part 28 – Provision regarding National Security

Articles 266 to 268 (3 Articles)

Overview: National Security Council chaired by the Prime Minister, mobilization, command and control of the Nepalese Army and national defense.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 266 Article 266 – National Defense Council Art. 267 Article 267 – Provision relating to Nepal Army Art. 268 Article 268 – Provision relating to Nepal Police, Armed Police Force, Nepal and National Investigation Organization
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Part 29

Part 29 – Provision relating to Political Parties

Articles 269 to 272 (4 Articles)

Overview: Constitutional rules and democratic requirements for formation, registration, internal democracy, and operation of political parties.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 269 Article 269 – Constitution, registration and operation of Political Parties Art. 270 Article 270 – Prohibition on the imposition of restrictions on political parties Art. 271 Article 271 – Registration required for securing recognition for the purpose of contesting elections as a Political Party Art. 272 Article 272 – Other provisions relating to Political Party
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Part 32

Part 32 – Miscellaneous

Articles 275 to 294 (20 Articles)

Overview: Provisions for national referendums, ratification of international treaties, presidential pardons, and national honors and titles.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 275 Article 275 – Provision relating to Referendum Art. 276 Article 276 – Pardon Art. 277 Article 277 – Titles, honors, and decorations Art. 278 Article 278 – Right to enter into treaty Art. 279 Article 279 – Ratification of, accession to, acceptance of or approval of treaties or agreement Art. 280 Article 280 – Special Provision Relating to Exercise of President Function Art. 281 Article 281 – Review and revision of Special Powers Art. 282 Article 282 – Nepali Ambassadors and Emissaries Art. 283 Article 283 – Appointment to be made on Inclusive Principles Art. 284 Article 284 – Provision relating to Constitutional Council Art. 285 Article 285 – Formation of the Government Service Art. 286 Article 286 – Constituency Delimitation Commission Art. 287 Article 287 – Language Commission Art. 288 Article 288 – Capital Art. 289 Article 289 – Special provisions relating to Citizenship of the office-bearers Art. 290 Article 290 – Provision relating to Trust Art. 291 Article 291 – Not Eligible for Appointment Art. 292 Article 292 – Provision relating to Parliamentary Hearing Art. 293 Article 293 – Monitoring and evaluation of works of Constitutional Bodies Art. 294 Article 294 – Annual report of Constitutional Body
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Part 33

Part 33 – Transitional Provisions

Articles 295 to 305 (11 Articles)

Overview: Transitional political arrangements, continuation of parliament, courts, local bodies, and restructuring of civil services into federal structure.

Articles in this Part:

Art. 295 Article 295 – Formation of Federal Commission Art. 296 Article 296 – Constituent Assembly to be transformed into Legislature-parliament Art. 297 Article 297 – Provisions relating to the President and Vice-President Art. 298 Article 298 – Provision relating to Constitution of Council of Ministers Art. 299 Article 299 – Interim provision regarding Speaker and Deputy-speaker Art. 300 Article 300 – Provision relating to the Judiciary Art. 301 Article 301 – Provisions regarding Constitutional Bodies and Officials thereof Art. 302 Article 302 – Formation and Operation of Government Services in Provincial and Local Level Art. 303 Article 303 – Provision regarding the Local Bodies Art. 304 Article 304 – Existing laws to remain in operation Art. 305 Article 305 – Power to remove difficulties
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