Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties
Part Overview: Thirty-one fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens (right to live with dignity, freedom, equality, education, health, rights of women, Dalits, children) and fundamental duties.
Articles in Part 3:
Article 16 – Right to live with dignity
(1) Each person shall have the right to live with dignity. (2) No law shall be made for capital punishment.
Article 17 – Right to Freedom
(1) Except as provided for by law no person shall be deprived of her/his personal liberty. (2) Every citizen shall have the following freedo...
Article 18 – Right to equality
(1) All citizens shall be equal before law. No person shall be denied the equal protection of law. (2) There shall be no discrimination in t...
Article 19 – Right to communication
(1) There shall be no prior censorship of publications and broadcasting, or information dissemination, or printing of any news item, editori...
Article 20 – Right to Justice
(1) No person shall be detained without being informed of the ground for such an arrest. (2) The person who is arrested shall have the right...
Article 21 – Right of victim of crime
(1) The victim of crime shall have the right to be informed about the investigation and proceedings of the case regarding his/her victimizat...
Article 22 – Right against torture
(1) No person in detention shall be subjected to physical or mental torture, or be treated in a cruel, inhuman or degrading manner. (2) Any...
Article 23 – Right against preventive detention
(1) No person shall be held under preventive detention unless there is sufficient ground to believe that there exits an immediate threat to...
Article 24 – Right against untouchability and discrimination
(1) No person shall be treated with any kind of untouchability or discrimination in any private or public place on grounds of caste, ethnici...
Article 25 – Right to property
(1) Every citizen shall, subject to laws, have the right to acquire, enjoy own, sell, have professional gains, and otherwise utilize, or dis...
Article 26 – Right to religious freedom
(1) Each person shall be free to profess, practice, and preserve his/her religion according to his/her faith. (2) Every religious denominati...
Article 27 – Right to information
Every citizen shall have the right to seek information on any matters of concern to her/him or the public. Provided that , nothing shall be...
Article 28 – Right to privacy
Except in circumstances provided by law, privacy in relation to the person, and their residence, property, documents, records, statistics an...
Article 29 – Right against exploitation
(1) Every person shall have the right against exploitation. (2) No person shall be subjected to any kind of exploitation on the basis of rel...
Article 30 – Right regarding clean environment
(1) Each person shall have the right to live in a healthy and clean environment. (2) The victim of environmental pollution and degradation s...
Article 31 – Right to education
(1) Every citizen shall have the right to access to basic education. (2) Every citizen shall have the right to compulsory and free basic edu...
Article 32 – Right to language and culture
(1) Each person and community shall have the right to use their language. (2) Every person and community shall have the right to participate...
Article 33 – Right to employment
(1) Every citizen shall have the right to employment. Terms and conditions of employment and unemployment benefits shall be as determined by...
Article 34 – Right regarding labor
(1) Every laborer shall have the right to proper work practices. Explanation: For the purpose of this Article, "laborer" means a worker or l...
Article 35 – Right to health care
(1) Every citizen shall have the right to seek basic health care services from the state and no citizen shall be deprived of emergency healt...
Article 36 – Right to food
(1) Each citizen shall have the right to food. (2) Every citizen shall have the right to be protected from a state of starvation, resulting...
Article 37 – Right to housing
(1) Each citizen shall have the right to appropriate housing. (2) No citizen shall be evicted from the housing owned by him/her, or encroach...
Article 38 – Right of women
(1) Every woman shall have equal right to lineage without any gender discriminations. (2) Every woman shall have the right relating to safe...
Article 39 – Right of children
(1) Each child shall have the right to his/her identity with the family name, and birth registration. (2) Every child shall have the right t...
Article 40 – Right of Dalits
(1) Dalit shall have the right to participate in all agencies of the state based on the principle of proportional inclusion. There shall be...
Article 41 – Right of senior citizens
Senior citizens shall have the right to special protection and social security from the State.
Article 42 – Right to social justice
(1) Socially backward women, Dalits, Adibasi, Janajati, Adibasi Janajati, Madhesi, Tharu, minority groups, persons with disability, marginal...
Article 43 – Right to social security
Economically poor, physically incapacitated and helpless person, helpless single women, persons with physical impairment, children, persons...
Article 44 – Right of consumers
(1) Each consumer shall have the right to quality foodstuffs and services. (2) A person who has suffered from sub-standard object or service...
Article 45 – Right against exile
No citizen shall be exiled.
Article 46 – Right to constitutional remedy
There shall be right to constitutional remedy pursuant to the Articles 133 or 144 in course of implementation of rights granted in this part...
Article 47 – Implementation of fundamental rights
For the enforcement of the rights conferred in this Part, the State shall make legal provisions, as required, within three years of the comm...
Article 48 – Duties of citizens
Each person shall the following duties: (a) Protect nationality, sovereignty and integrity of Nepal by pledging allegiance to the nation, (b...
Related Provisions & Cross-References
Bidirectional citations, thematic connections, and constitutional authority