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All Articles of the Constitution

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Article 1 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 1 – Constitution as the fundamental law

(1) This constitution is the fundamental law of Nepal. All laws inconsistent with this constitution shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void. (2) It shall be the duty of every person to uphold this constitutio...

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Article 3 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 3 – Nation

Having multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-religious, multi-cultural characteristics with common aspirations of people living in diverse geographical regions, and being committed to and united by a bond of allegiance to n...

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Article 4 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 4 – State of Nepal

(1) Nepal is an independent, indivisible, sovereign, secular, inclusive democratic, socialism-oriented federal democratic republican state. Explanation: For the purpose of this article, 'secular' means protection of reli...

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Article 5 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 5 – National interest

(1) Independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, nationality, autonomy, self-respect, protection of rights and interests of Nepali people, protection of boundaries, and economic progress and prosperity, shall be the...

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Article 7 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 7 – Language of official transaction

(1) The Nepali language written in Devanagiri script shall be the language of official business in Nepal. (2) In addition to Nepali language, a province shall select one or more national language that is spoken by majori...

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Article 8 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 8 – National flag

(1) The national flag of Nepal, consists of two juxtaposed triangular figures with a crimson colored base and deep blue borders, there being a white emblem of the crescent moon with eight rays visible out of sixteen in t...

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Article 9 Part 1 – Preliminary

Article 9 – National anthem, etc.

(1) The national anthem of Nepal shall be as set out in Schedule-2. (2) The coat-of-arms of Nepal shall be shall be as set out in Schedule-3. (3) The Rhododendron Arboreum is the national flower, Crimson is the national...

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Article 11 Part 2 – Citizenship

Article 11 – To be deemed citizen of Nepal

(1) Persons who have acquired citizenship of Nepal at the commencement of this Constitution and persons who are eligible to acquire citizenship pursuant to this Part shall be deemed citizens of Nepal. (2) At the commence...

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Article 17 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 17 – Right to Freedom

(1) Except as provided for by law no person shall be deprived of her/his personal liberty. (2) Every citizen shall have the following freedoms: (a) freedom of opinion and expression, (b) freedom to assemble peacefully an...

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Article 18 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 18 – Right to equality

(1) All citizens shall be equal before law. No person shall be denied the equal protection of law. (2) There shall be no discrimination in the application of general laws on the grounds of origin, religion, race, caste,...

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Article 19 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 19 – Right to communication

(1) There shall be no prior censorship of publications and broadcasting, or information dissemination, or printing of any news item, editorial, article, feature, or other reading material, or the use of audio-visual mate...

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Article 20 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 20 – Right to Justice

(1) No person shall be detained without being informed of the ground for such an arrest. (2) The person who is arrested shall have the right to consult a legal practitioner of her/his choice and be defended from the time...

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Article 21 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 21 – Right of victim of crime

(1) The victim of crime shall have the right to be informed about the investigation and proceedings of the case regarding his/her victimization. (2) The victim of crime shall have the right to social rehabilitation and j...

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Article 22 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 22 – Right against torture

(1) No person in detention shall be subjected to physical or mental torture, or be treated in a cruel, inhuman or degrading manner. (2) Any such act pursuant to clause (1) shall be punishable by law and a victim of such...

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Article 23 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 23 – Right against preventive detention

(1) No person shall be held under preventive detention unless there is sufficient ground to believe that there exits an immediate threat to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Nepal or public peace and order. (2...

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Article 25 Part 3 – Fundamental Rights and Duties

Article 25 – Right to property

(1) Every citizen shall, subject to laws, have the right to acquire, enjoy own, sell, have professional gains, and otherwise utilize, or dispose of property. Explanation: For the purpose of this Article, “property” means...

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